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Internet Modern History Sourcebook
CRIB SHEET: Socialism, Marxism, and Trade Unionism
[Note: Crib Sheets are meant as review aids for a particular
period/theme. They are not complete overviews!]
Origins of Socialism
- French Revolution - theory and organization necessary
for change
- Industrial Revolution:
-the oppression of the working class
-a new possibility - that poverty might be abolished
-Creation of class consciousness
- Judeo-Christian ideas of Justice
Utopian Socialists
- Count Claude Henry de Saint-Simon (1760-1825)
- Charles Fourier (1772-1837) - phalansteres (cf. Kibbutzim
in Israel]
- Louis Blanc (1811-1882)
- Pierre Joseph Proudhon
Early English Socialism
- Robert Owen (1771-1858) - New Lanark
- Chartism
- The Grand National Consolidated Trade Union
Socialist Philosophy - Marx and Others
- Karl Marx(1818-1883)
- Fredrich Engels(1820-1895)
- The Communist Manifesto 1848
- Das Kapital 1867
Origins of Marxism
- German Philosophy - [Hegel] - for analysis of historical process
- English Economics [Smith, Riccardo] - for importance and mechanics
of economic
- French Politics - [repeated revolutions - for means of social
change
Dialectical Materialism
Thesis - Antithesis
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Synthesis - Antithesis
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New Synthesis
In sum - History has meaning
Marx's Application to European History
Feudalism - creates bourgeoisie
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Capitalism
Capitalism - creates proletariat
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Will create Socialism
In sum - a "scientific" approach to history
Alternatives to Marx
Philosophies:
- Edward Bernstein (1850-1932) - Revisionism
- Fabianism 1884
George Bernard Shaw (1856-1950)
Sidney (1859-1947) and Beatrice Webb.(1866-1946).
Trade Unions:
- Craft Unions
- General Unions
Socialist Parties
- Needed universal or mass male suffrage: Arrives in late 19th
century
Britain 1867, 1884 (not quite universal)
Germany 1871
France, 1871
Switzerland 1879
Spain 1890
Belgium 1893
Netherlands 1896
Norway 1898
Italy 1912
- German Social Democrat Party [SPD]
founded 1875 by Ferdinand Lasselle.
- Labour Party in Britain
Keir Hardie first socialist MP - 1892
Independent Labour Party - 1901
Taft Vale Decision - Unions can be sued for damages
Trades Union Congress launches Labour Representation
Committee
Labour Party 1906.
© 1997, Paul Halsall,
The Internet History Sourcebooks Project is located at the History Department of Fordham University, New York. The Internet
Medieval Sourcebook, and other medieval components of the project, are located at
the Fordham University Center
for Medieval Studies.The IHSP recognizes the contribution of Fordham University, the
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© Site Concept and Design: Paul Halsall created 26 Jan 1996: latest revision 15 November 2024 [CV]
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