Internet Ancient History Sourcebook
Rome
See Main Page for a guide to
all contents of all sections.
Contents
General
- WEB Internet Classics Archive [At MIT] [InternetArchive backup here]
Longstanding web resource with the English texts of 441 works of classical literature from 59 authors.
- WEB The Perseus Project [At Tufts]
A major resource. 2,412 works in 3,192 editions and translations, plus ample study aids
- WEB The Latin Library [InternetArchive backup here]
- WEB Classical Latin Texts
A Resource Prepared by
The Packard Humanities Institute. Many texts (author index), plus word search.
- WEB Electronic Resources for Classicists [TLG] [By Maria Pantelia, University of California, Irvine][Internet Archive backup here]
- WEB Rassegna degli
Strumenti Informatici per lo Studio dell'Antichità Classica (Review of Computer Tools for the Study of Classical Antiquity)
In Italian, but with many useful links.
- WEB L'antiquité grecque et latine du moyen âge [Internet Archive backup here]
Editions and translations of Latin, Greek, Arab, Persian, Armenian, Syriac and Nordic texts into French.
- WEB Theoi Classical Texts Library [Internet Archive backup here]
A collection of translations of works of ancient Greek and Roman literature. The theme of the library is classical mythology and so the selection consists primarily of ancient poetry, drama and prose accounts of myth. Also has an impressive gallery of illustrations of these these themes.
- WEB The Classics Page/The Latin Libyary
- WEB LacusCurtius: Into the Roman World
- WEB Livius: Roman Republic [At Livius] [Internet Archive version here]
- WEB Livius: Roman Empire [At Livius] [Internet Archive version here]
-
WEB De Imperatoribus Romanis: An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Emperors [Internet Archive version]
- Wikipedia: List of Roman and Byzantine Emperors
- WEB A
Roman Atlas [At Lacus Curtius]
- WEB Vici.org: Archaeological Atlas of Antiquity
Interactive (Google maps style) coverage of sites across the ancient world.
- WEB ORBIS: The Stanford Geospatial Network Model of the Roman World
- WEB Maps and Codices of the Roman Empire [Was At Demon, now Internet Archive]
- WEB
Forum Romanorum
- WEB Associations in the Greco-Roman World [Internet Archive backup here]
An expanding collection of Inscriptions, Papyru, and Other Sources in Translation.
Back to Index
Rome: Major
Historians: Complete Texts
- Polybius (c.200-after 118 BCE)
- Julius Caesar (100-44 BCE)
- Livy (59 BCE-17 CE): History of Rome
- Augustus (63 BCE-14 CE)
- Josephus (37- after 93 CE)
- Complete Works [At CCEL]
Includes Antiquities of the Jews, The Jewish War and Against Apion
- Complete Works [different presentation] [At CCEL]
Includes Antiquities of the Jews, The Jewish War and Against Apion
- Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE)
- Tacitus: (b.56/57-after 117 CE)
- Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE)
- Appian (c.95-c.165) *writes in Greek
- Cassius Dio (c.155-c.235 CE)
- Roman History trans. Earnest Cary, in Greek and English [Loeb], one big file. [Internet Archive]
- Roman History trans. Earnest Cary, chapter files [Lacus Curtius]
- Roman History trans. Earnest Cary, chapter files [Wikisource]
- Roman History trans Herbert B. Foster in 6 volumes [Project Gutenberg]
- Histoire Romaine trans in R. Gros, in Greek and French [Remacle]
Back to Index
Etruscans 900-27 BCE
Back to Index
Roman Foundations
Back to Index
The Growth of
Republican Institutions
- The Twelve Tables 451/450 BCE
selections, [At CSUN] [Internet Archive version here] and in Latin [At
Bibliotheca Augustana]
- The Twelve Tables 451/450 BCE selections [At this Site]
-
Livy (59 BCE-17 CE): Selections from Books 6 and 7 (385-343 BCE)[At this Site]
Book 6: 11, 14-20, 27, 31-32, 34-36, 39; Book 7: 19, 21-22, 27, 29, 38, 42.
- Polybius (c.200-after 185 BCE): Rome at the End of the
Punic Wars [History, Book 6] [At this Site]
Includes an extended comparison of Rome and Carthage.
-
Polybius (c.200-after 185 BCE) Book 6.11-18: The Constitution of the Roman Republic[Was At Saskatchewan, now Internet Archive]
- Chart: Roman Government: Checks and
Balances [From Polybius, Histories, 6]
-
Polybius (c.200-after 185 BCE): Extensive Selections,
[At Internet Archive, from Princeton]
Book I, sections 1-6 , 14 , 17 , 59 , 63-64; Book VI. 1-42, 53-58; Book X. 2-3; Book XXXI.
22-30
- 2ND The Concepts of Fides and Virtus [At CSUN] [Internet Archive version here]
-
2ND The Republican Constitution: Outline [Modern Account] [Was at Reed, now here]
Back to Index
The Wars with Carthage 264-146 BCE
- Herodotus (c.490-c.425 BCE): The Carthaginian Attack on
Sicily, 480 BCE [At this Site]
-
Cornelius Nepos (c.99-c.24 BCE): Hannibal, from De
Viribus Illustris, trans. J. Thomas, 1995. [Was At Iowa State, now Internet Archive]
The first surviving biography in Latin.
- Polybius (c.200-after 118 BCE): The Histories, trans. W.R. Paton (Loeb) [At Lacus Curtius]
- Polybius (c.200-after 118 BCE): The Histories Vol 1 and The Histories Vol 2, trans. Evelyn S. Shuckburgh [At Internet Archive]
- Polybius (c.200-after 118 BCE): The Histories Vol 1 and The Histories Vol 2, trans. Evelyn S. Shuckburgh [Project Gutenberg]
- Polybius (c.200-after 118 BCE): The Battle of Cannae,
216 BCE, History, Book III.107 [At this Site]
- Polybius (c.200-after 118 BCE): The Character of
Hannibal, The Histories, Book IX, Chapters 22-26 [At this Site]
- Polybius (c.200-after 118 BCE): The Third Punic War,
149-146 BCE, The Histories, Book XXXVI-XXXIX [At this Site]
-
2ND The Punic Wars [Modern account][Was At Reed, now Internet Archive]
- Wikipedia: Punic Wars
Back to Index
Imperial Expansion
under the Republic
- Chinese Accounts of
Rome, Byzantium and the Middle East, c. 91 B.C.E. - 1643 C.E.
- Time Line for Foreign Policy to 272 BCE [Was at Reed, now Internet Archive]
- Polybius (c.200-after 118 BCE): The Roman Maniple vs.
The Macedonian Phalanx, The Histories, Book XVIII, Chapters 28-32 [At this
Site]
- Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): Life
of Pyrrhus [At MIT]
- Polybius (c.200-after 118 BCE): The Destruction of
Corinth, 146 BCE The Histories, Book XXXVIII, Chapters 3-11; Book XXXIX,
Chapters 7-17 [At this Site]
- Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): Life
of Cato the Elder (234-149 BCE)[At MIT]
- Mithridates & The Roman Conquests in the East, 90-61
BCE, excerpts from Appian, Mithridatic Wars, 114-119, and Plutarch, Life of
Lucullus. [At this Site]
- Appian (c.95-c.165): Roman History (The Mithridatic Wars) full text [At Livius]
- Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): Life of Pompey [At MIT]
-
Julius Caesar (100-44 BCE): Gallic Wars, Civil Wars: Commentaries [Was At M Univ, now Internet Archive]
- Julius Caesar (100-44 BCE): Gallic Wars [At
MIT]
- Julius Caesar (100-44 BCE): De Bello Gallico and Other Commentaries, trans. W.A. McDevitte [Project Gutenberg]
- Julius Caesar (100-44 BCE): De Bello Gallico I-IV, in Latin [Project Gutenberg]
- Julius Caesar (100-44 BCE): De Bello Gallico V-VIII, in Latin [Project Gutenberg]
- Tacitus: (b.56/57-after 117 CE): Boudicca (Annals 14: 29-37) [Was at Athena, now Internet Archive]
- Galgacus: On Roman Imperialism, from From Tacitus, Life of Cnaeus Julius Agricola, 29-33 [At this Site]
- 2ND The Landings of Caesar in Britain, 55 and
54 BCE [Was at Athena, now Internet Archive]
-
2ND Rome,
Greece and the East to 168 BCE [Modern Account][At Internet Archive, from Reed]
- Map: Map of the Roman Republic's empire and vassal states, 1st century BC [Wikipedia]
Back to Index
Civil Wars and Revolution
- Appian (1st Cent CE): The Civil Wars (On the Gracchi) [This Site]
- Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): Life
of Tiberius Gracchus (c.164-133 BCE) [At MIT]
- Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): Tiberius Gracchus (c.164-133 BCE) trans. John Dryden, excerpts. [At this Site]
- Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): Life
of Caius Gracchus (c.121 BCE)[At MIT]
- Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): Lives of Tiberius Gracchus and Caius Gracchus, trans. G. Long (c.121 BCE) [At this Site]
- Other Primary Sources on Tiberius Gracchus [Was At Reed, now Internet Archive]
- 2ND David Silverman: The Gracchi [Modern Account][Was At Reed, now Internet Archive]
- Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): Life of
Sulla, trans. John Dryden (c.138-78BCE)[At MIT]
- Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): Life
of Marius, trans. John Dryden (157-86 BCE)[At MIT]
- Sallust (prob.86-35 BCE): Conspiracy of Catiline and the Jurgurthine War, full text [Project Gutenberg]
- Sallust (prob.86-35 BCE): Life in Rome in the Late Republic,
63 BCE, excerpts from The Catiline Conspiracy [At this Site]
-
Sallust (prob.86-35 BCE): The Catiline Conspiracy,
63 BCE [At Forum Romanorum] [Internet Archive version here]
-
Cicero (105-43 BCE): First
Oration Against Catiline 63 BCE [At Bartleby] [Internet Archive version here]
- Lucan (Marcus Annaeus Lucanus) (39-65 CE): Pharsalia (aka "The Civil
War") [At OMACL]
- Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): Life of
Pompey (100-48 BCE)[At MIT]
- Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): Life
of Crassus (115-53 BCE)[At MIT]
- Cicero (105-43 BCE)
- Cicero (105-43 BCE): Selected Letters. 36 selected
letters. [At this Site]
- Cicero (105-43 BCE): On Friendship, or Laelius,
full text, trans by Evelyn S. Shuckburgh [At this Site]
- Cicero (105-43 BCE): On Friendship, or Laelius,
full text, trans by W. Melmoth [At this Site]
- Cicero (105-43 BCE): Old Age, c. 65 BCE (Harvard
Classics series)[At this Site]
- Cicero (105-43 BCE): On the Laws, excerpts from Books II
and III [At this Site]
- Cicero (105-43 BCE): On the Republic, excerpts from
Book I [At this Site]
- Cicero (105-43 BCE): On the Republic: Scipio's Dream,
excerpts from Book VI [At this Site]
- Cicero (105-43 BCE): The Second Philippic [At
this Site]
- Cicero (105-43 BCE): On the Genres of Rhetoric. excerpts from various texts, [Was At Towson, now here]]
- Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): Life of
Cicero (98-c.55 BCE)[At MIT]
- Asconius (9 BCE-76 CE): On
Cicero's Pro Milone [At CSUN] [Internet Archive version here]
- WEB Cicero Homepage [Was At
Utexas, now Internet Archive] for texts in Latin
- The Roman Candidate, 64, 54 BCE
Quintus Cicero, Letter to His Brother Marcus Cicero, on the problems of running
for office.
- Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): Life of
Caesar trans. John Dryden (100-44 BCE)[At MIT]
- Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): Life of Caesar, trans. G. Long (100-44 BCE) [At this Site]
- Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): De Vita Caesarum,
Divus Iulius (The Lives of the Caesars, The Deified Julius), written c. 110 CE, Rolfe
translation. [At this Site]
- Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): The Assassination of Julius
Caesar, from Marcus Brutus, excerpts, translated by John Dryden. [At this
Site]
- Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): Life of
Anthony (82-30 BCE) [At MIT]
- Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): Life of Antony, trans. G. Long (82-30 BCE) [At this Site]
- Wikipedia: The Gracchi
- Wikipedia: Optimates and populares
- Wikipedia: Marius 157-86 BCE
- Wikipedia: Sulla 138-78 BCE
- Wikipedia: Pompey 106-48 BCE
- Wikipedia: Julius Caesar 100-44 BCE
- Wikipedia: Caesar's Civil War 49-45 BCE
Back to Index
The Principate to 192 CE
- Augustus
-
Cicero (105-43 BCE): Selections from- Letters on the Rise of Augustus [Was At Saskatchewan, now Internet Archive]
- Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): The End of the Republic [This Site]
- Augustus (63 BCE-14 CE): Acts of
the Divine Augustus (Res Gestae Divi Augusti) [At MIT]
- Augustus (63 BCE-14 CE): Monumentum Ancyranum: The Deeds of Augustus Latin, Greek, and English texts [Project Gutenberg]
- Augustus (63 BCE-14 CE): :Res Gestae [In Latin][At CSUN] [Internet Archive version here]
- Augustus (63 BCE-14 CE): Selections from the Acts of the Divine Augustus (Res Gestae Divi Augusti) [Was At Saskatchewan, now Internet Archive]
- Augustus (63 BCE-14 CE): Res Gestae Divi Augusti,
c. 14 CE, long excerpts, in English. [At this Site]
-
Augustus (63 BCE-14 CE): Select Testimonia [Was At Saskatchewan, now Internet Archive]
- Augustan Encomiums, c. 31 BCE - 14 CE [At this
Site]
Horace (65-8 BCE): Secular hymn, and Vergil (70-19 BCE): Aeneid,
VI.ii.789-800, 847-853.
- Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): Life
of Augustus; Outline (63 BCE-14 CE) [At CSUN] [Internet Archive version here]
- Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): De Vita
Caesarum-Augustus, written c. 110 CE, Rolfe translation [At this Site]
- Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): Life of Augustus,
complete, Worthington translation [At this Site]
- Nicolaus of Damascus (1st Cent CE): Life of Augustus (63 BCE-14 CE)[At
CSUN] [Internet Archive version here]
- Claudius Claudian: Panegyricus de Sexto Consulatu Honorii Augusti. In Latin [Was At Upenn, now Internet Archive]
- Claudian: Panegyric on the Sixth Consulship of the Emperor Honorius (A.D. 404) [At Lacus Curtius]
- Dio Cassius (c.155-235 CE): Octavian Prepares to Become Sole Ruler of Rome, Roman History Book 52
- Augustus' Legislation [At CSUN] [Internet Archive version here]
- Velleius Paterculus (c.19 BCE-after 30 CE): The Battle of Teutoburg Forest, 9 CE [At Livius][Internet Archive version here]
- Chart: The Government of the Roman Empire under the early Principate [At this Site]
- 2ND Sources on Augustus [Modern Account][Was at Reed, now Internet Archive]
- WEB Mausoleum of Augustus Texts [At
CSUN] [Internet Archive version here]
- Wikipedia: Ara Pacis
- Wikipedia: Augustus
- The Julio-Claudian Dynasty 14-68 CE
- Wikipedia: The Julio-Claudian Family Tree
- Suetonius: De Vita Caesarum: Tiberius, written c.
110 CE, Rolfe translation [At this Site]
- Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): De Vita Caesarum: Caius
Caligula (The Lives of the Caesars: Caius Caligula), written c. 110 CE, Rolfe
translation [At this Site]
- Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): Life
of Claudius, complete, Worthington translation [At this Site]
- Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): De Vita Caesarum:
Claudius (The Lives of the Caesars: Claudius), written c. 110 CE, Rolfe
translation [At this Site]
-
Proclamation of Nero's
Succession Nov 17, 54 CE in Greek and English [At K.C.Hanson's website] [Internet Archive version here]
- Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): De Vita Caesarum: Nero,
written c. 110 CE, Rolfe translation [At this Site]
-
Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): Life of Nero, complete. in Latin [At
Freenfo] [Internet Archive version here]
- Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): Murder of Agrippina (Book XIV,
1-16) [At this Site]
-
Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): The Fire of Rome 64 CE [At
Eyewitness to History] [Internet Archive version here]
- Dio Cassius (c.155-235 CE): Nero and the Great Fire of
Rome, 64 CE, from Roman History, 62.16-18 [At this Site]
- Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): Annals: Book I 64 CE [At Calgary] [Internet Archive version here]
-
Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): Annals [At MIT]
- Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): Annals [At this Site, formerly ERIS][Full
Text]
- Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): Histories [At MIT]
- 69 CE: Year of Three Emperors
- Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): De Vita Caesarum: Galba,
written c. 110 CE, Rolfe translation [At this Site]
- Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): De Vita Caesarum: Otho,
written c. 110 CE, Rolfe translation [At this Site]
- Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): De Vita Caesarum:
Vitellius, written c. 110 CE, Rolfe translation [At this Site]
- Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): Life of Vitellius (b. 15 - r. 69 -d.69 CE) [At this Site]
Chap. 13: The Gormandizing of the Emperor Vitellius.
- The Flavian Emperors 69-96 CE
- Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): The Legions Proclaim
Vespasian Emperor, 69 CE [This Site]
-
Lex De Imperio Vespasiani "The Law-cerning the power of Vespasian" [document designation: ILS 244]
69/70 CE [Was At Iowa State, now Internet Archive]
- Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): De Vita Caesarum:
Vespasian, written c. 110 CE, Rolfe translation [At this Site]
- Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): De Vita Caesarum: Titus,
written c. 110 CE, Rolfe translation [At this Site]
- Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): De Vita Caesarum:
Domitian, written c. 110 CE, Rolfe translation [At this Site]
- Suetonius (c.69-after 122 CE): Life of Domitian (b. 51 - r. 81 - d. 96 CE) Chap. IV: How Domitian Attempted to Amuse the Roman Populace.
[At this Site]
- Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): Life of Cnaeus
Julius Agricola (40-93 CE), c.98 CE, trans. J. Church and W. J. Brodribb. [At
this Site]
Contains a famous speech condemning imperialism by Calgacus.
- The Adoptive Emperors 96-192 CE
- Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): The Principle of Adoption [At this Site]
- Aurelius Victor, Liber de
Caesaribus 13: Trajan [In Latin][At CSUN] [Internet Archive version here]
- Pliny the Younger (61/62-113 CE): Selected Letters, c
100 CE (Harvard Classics series)[At this Site]
Selected letters: General (110 letters), and Correspondence with the Emperor Trajan (122
letters).
- Pliny the Younger (61/62-113 CE) and Trajan (r.98-117 CE): Letters,
Book X. 25ff : The Correspondence of a Provincial Governor and the Emperor Trajan,
c. 112 CE [At this Site]
- Pliny the Younger (61/62-113 CE): The Letters of Pliny the Consul. With Occasional Remarks., Vol.2, (Tenth Edition), William Melmoth, London
(1805) [lightly emended] Book 10 [Was At Princeton, now Internet Archive]
- Aelius Spartianus: Life of Hadrian, (r. 117-138 CE.),
excerpts. [At this Site]
- Aelius Spartianus: Life of Hadrian, (r. 117-138 CE.),
complete. [At this Site]
- Marcus Aurelius (b.121- r.161-d.180): The
Character of Antoninus Pius (b.86-r.138-d.161 CE), from Meditations I.16:
[At this Site]
- Julius Capitolinus: The Life of Antoninus Pius [At
this Site]
- Eutropius (4th Cent CE): The Reign of Marcus
Aurelius, 161-180 CE, from Compendium of Roman History, 8:.12-14 [At
this Site]
Back to Index
Roman Law
Back to Index
The Army
- Livy (59 BCE-17 CE): The Roman Way of Declaring War, c.
650 BCE, from History of Rome I.34 [At this Site]
- Valerius Maximus and Livy on Roman
Soldiers [At CSUN] [Internet Archive version here]
- Josephus (37- after 93 CE): The Roman Army in the First
Century CE, from The Jewish War [This Site]
- Josephus (37- after 93 CE): An Imperial Triumph, 71 CE,
from The Jewish War, [This Site]
- Letters Written by Roman Soldiers,
2 CE [At CSUN] [Internet Archive version here]
- Roman Soldier's Enlistment,
Egypt, 51 CE [At CSUN] [Internet Archive version here]
- Vegetius (4th Cent CE): De Rei Militari trans John Clarke (1767) c. 371-392 CE [At DigitalAttic] [Internet Archive version here]
-
Vegetius (4th Cent CE): Epitoma Rei Militari, Book I:11-20-sp; c. 371-392 CE, [Was At Armentarium, now Internet Archive]
The only Roman military tract to survive, and the most influential military text in the
western world until the 19th century. Probably addressed to Theodosius the Great.
See also this useful bibliography [Was At
ibiblio, now Internet Archive]
- WEB Army Bibliography [At CSUN]
[Internet Archive version here]
- Wikipedia: Roman military personal equipment
Back to Index
The Empire and Provinces
-
Claudius Ptolemy (C.127-148 CE) : The
Geography [At Lacus Curtius]
The entire text, with maps, is being put up on the web.
- Rome: As Imperial Capital
- The Empire as a Unity
- Africa
- Accounts of Meröe, Kush, and Axum, c. 430 BCE - 550 CE [At
this Site]
From Herodotus, Strabo, Dio Cassius, the King of Axum, and and Procopius of Caesarea.
- Herodotus (c.490-c.425 BCE): On Libya, from The
Histories, c. 430 BCE [At this Site]
- Accounts of Ancient Mauretania, c. 430 BCE- 550 CE
[At this Site]
From Herodotus, Strabo, and Procopius of Caesarea
- Egypt
- Syria/Judea
- Asia
- Asia Minor
- Pliny the Younger (61/62-113 CE) and Trajan (r.98-117 CE): Letters,
Book X. 25ff : The Correspondence of a Provincial Governor and the Emperor Trajan,
c. 112 CE [At this Site]
- Europe
- Julius Caesar (100-44 BCE): The Germans, c. 51
BCE [At this Site]
-
Julius Caesar (100-44 BCE): On the Germans, 53 BCE [Was At Princeton, now
Internet Archive]
- Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): Germania. trans. J. Church
and W. J. Brodribb.[At Medieval Sourcebook]
- Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): Germania, trans.
Thomas Gordon, full text, Also available in Latin. [At
Medieval Sourcebook]
- Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): Germania,
shorter excerpts. [At Medieval Sourcebook]
- Salvian (c.400- after 470 CE]: The Burden of Taxation,
[c.440 CE] [At Medieval Scourcebook]
- Sidonius Apollinaris [c.431-c.489 CE]: "Country House Life in
Gaul" and "A Visigothic King", [At Medieval Sourcebook]
- Britain
Back to Index
Later Empire (after 192 CE)
Back to Index
Literature
- WEB Theoi Classical Texts Library [Internet Archive backup here]
A collection of translations of works of ancient Greek and Roman literature. The theme of the library is classical mythology and so the selection consists primarily of ancient poetry, drama and prose accounts of myth. Also has an impressive gallery of illustrations of these these themes.
- WEB Tools of the Trade for the Study of Roman Literature, by Lowell Edmunds and Shirley Werner [Was At Rutgers, now Internet Archive]
- Plautus (d.184 BCE): The Brothers
Menaechmus 1996 translation, [Was At Rhodes, now Internet Archive]
- Plautus (d.184 BCE): Aulularia [At Forum Romanorum] [Internet Archive version here]
or in Latin [At the Latin Library]
- Roman Poetry Selections (Catullus [c.84-c.54 BCE], Horace [65-8 BCE], Martial [40-103/4 CE])
[Was At Then Again, now Internet Archive]
- Lucretius (99-55 BCE): The Nature of Things [At
this Site, formerly ERIS][Full Text]
- Lucretius (99-55 BCE): The Nature of Things trans. William Ellery Leonard [Project Gutenberg]
- Catullus (c.84-c.54 BCE): Poems [Was At
Saskatchewan, now Internet Archive]
- Catullus (c.84-c.54 BCE): Complete Poems trana. A.S. Kline, unexpurgated translation [At Poetry in Motion] [Archive version here]
- Catullus (c.84-c.54 BCE): The Carmina trans. Richard Burton [Project Gutenberg]
- Catullus (c.84-c.54 BCE): Poems and Fragments trans. Robinson Ellis [Project Gutenberg]
- Virgil (70-19 BCE)
-
Virgil (70-19 BCE): The
Aeneid John Dryden translation (1697) [At MIT][Full Text][Chapter files]
- Virgil (70-19 BCE): The Aeneid John Dryden translation (1697 [Project Gutenberg]
- Virgil (70-19 BCE): The Aeneid J. W. Mackail translation (1885) [Project Gutenberg]
- Virgil (70-19 BCE): The Aeneid E. F. Taylor translation (1907) [Project Gutenberg]
- Virgil (70-19 BCE): The Aeneid Rolfe Humphries translation (1951) [Project Gutenberg]
See 2ND
Aeneid: Study Guide [Was At Brooklyn College, now Internet Archive]
- Virgil (70-19 BCE): Eclogues [MIT]
- Virgil (70-19 BCE): Eclogues [At Theoi] [Internet Archive version here]
- Virgil (70-19 BCE): Bucolics and Eclogues in Latin [Project Gutenberg]
- Virgil (70-19 BCE): Bucolics and Eclogues in English [Project Gutenberg]
- Aelius Donatus (fl. 350 CE): Life of Virgil, tr. David Wilson-Okamura [At Virgil.org] [Internet Archive version here]
- WEB Virgil.org [Internet Archive version here]
- WEB Virgil Home Page [Internet Archive version here]
With links to all texts in both Latin and English.
- Augustan Encomiums, c. 31 BCE - 14 CE [At this
Site]
Horace (65-8 BCE): Secular hymn, and Vergil (70-19 BCE): Aeneid,
VI.ii.789-800, 847-853.
- Horace (65-8 BCE): We All Must Die [Was At WSU, now Internet Archive]
-
Sulpicia (Late 1st Cent. CE): Poems [Was At Diotima, now Internet Archive]
or in Latin [At Latin Library]
The only surviving Roman female poet.
- Sulpicia (Late 1st Cent. CE): Poems [At Diotima]
- Statius (45-96 CE): Thebaid, Book 6, c 91 CE [Was At Brooklyn College, now Internet Archive]
- Petronius Arbiter (c.27-66 CE): Satyricon c.61 CE
- The Satyricon,
translated by Alfred R. Allinson, 1930. [English translation linked to Latin text][At Sacred Text Archive] [Internet Archive version here] Also in Latin [At Latin Library].
[Note that most modern teachers would use the Arrowsmith translation (New American
Library) which is considered to be very good.]
- The Banquet of Trimalchio from the Satyricon [At this Site]
- Trimalchio's
Feast [Was At Coloraro, now Internet Archive]
excerpt from the Satyricon.
- 2ND The Satyricon of Petronius [ Was At Southwestern, now Internet Archive]
- Juvenal and Persius: Satires: Introduction [At
this Site]
- Juvenal (c. 55/60-127 CE): Satires
- Avianus (fl. c. 400 CE): Fabulae in Latin [Was At UPenn, now Internet Archive]
- Priapea (collected 5th Cent CE) in
Latin [Was At IPA, now Internet Archive]
- Priapea (collected 5th Cent CE) in
Latin and Engliosh, trans. Richard Burton [At Sacred Texts] [Internet Archive version here]
Said by the Oxford Classical Dictionary to be "uniformly
obscene".
- Rutilius Numantius: On His Return, I.xi.47, The
Greatness of Rome in the Days of Ruin, 413CE [At this Site]
- Pliny the Younger (61/62-113 CE): Letters, II.14:
The Decline of Oratory [At this Site]
- Jay Treat: Latin and Greek
Literary Activity [At UPenn][Chart] [internet Archive version here]
Rates levels of literary activity from 100 BCE to 1400CE.
- WEB Latin Library
Has many of the texts here available in original Latin.
Back to Index
Art and Architecture
Back to Index
Education
-
Pliny the Elder (23/4-79 CE): Natural
History in Latin [At Lacus Curtius][Full Text]
- Letter Home of a Roman "University" Student,
44 BCE [At this Site]
By Cicero's son.
- Roman Educational Practices [At this Site]
Texts from Horace: Satires, I.6.xi.70-90; Pliny the Younger: Letters,
IV.13; and Martial: Epigrams, X.62
- Seneca (b.4 BC/1 CE-d. 65 CE): On Tranquillity of Mind 9.4ff and in Latin [Was At
UPenn, now Internet Archive]
On the problem of having too many books.
- Julius Victor (4th Cent CE): On Letter Writing, in Latin [Was At UPenn, now Internet Archive]
- Quintilian (b.30/35-c.100 CE): The Ideal Education,
The Institutes, Book 1: 1-26, c. 90 CE [At this Site]
-
Quintilian (b.30/35-c.100 CE): Institutes of Oratory,
c.96 CE. [Was At Iowa State, now Internet Archive]
- Plutarch (c.46-c.120 CE): The Training of Children,
c. 110 CE [At this Site]
- Donatus: De barbarismo, with
trans. by Jim Marchand [At U Penn]
- WEB Images of Orality and Literacy in Greek Iconography of the Fifth, Fourth and Third Centuries BCE, ed. Andrew Weisner [Was At
U Penn, now Internet Archive]
- 2ND Jay Treat: Latin and Greek
Literary Activity [At UPenn][Chart] [internet Archive version here]
Rates levels of literary activity from 100 BCE to 1400CE.
- WEB Manuscript Images: Technology of the Word in the Middle Ages, ed. James O'Donnell [Was At U Penn, now Internet Archive]
Back to Index
Economic Life
Back to Index
Slavery
- Slavery in the Roman Republic, excerpts from Plautus, Pseudolus, Act. I, Sc. 2; Cato the Elder, Agriculture, chs. 56-59;
Plautus, Menaechmi, Act V, Sc. 4.; and Plutarch, Life of Crassus,
viii-xi (on the Spartacus revolt). [At this Site]
- Texts on Three Slave Revolts
A. Sicily 136-132 BCE - Diodorus Siculus (wrote 60-30 BCE), Bibliotheke Books 34/35. 2. 1-48; Strabo (64/3 BC- c.21 CE), Geography Book 6. 2. 6-7;
Florus, Epitome of Roman History 2. 7. 1-8; Orosius, Histories Book 5. 6
B. Sicily 104-100 BCE - Diodorus Siculus (wrote 60-30 BCE), Bibliotheke Book 36. 1-11; Florus, Epitome 2. 7. 9-12; Dio Cassius (c.155-235 CE), Roman
History Book 27 fragment 101;
C. The War with Spartacus 73-71 CE - Plutarch, Crassus 8-11;
Florus, Epitome 2. 8. 20; Appian, The Civil Wars 1. 111-121; Orosius, Histories 5. 24. 1-8
-
Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): The Murder of Pedanius Secundus (Annals 14) [Was At Michigan, now Internet Archive]
On the murder of a slave-owner by his slave, possibly because of homosexual jealousy. The
senate addresses whether all the slaves in the house should be killed.
-
2ND John Madden: Slavery in the Roman Empire Numbers
and Origins [Was At Classics Ireland, now Internet Archive]
- Back to Index
Everyday Life
- Food
- Sport and Games
- Names
- Technology
- Pompeii
Back to Index
Religion
See information on the Olympian Religion under Greek Religion on Greece. For the Roman Mystery
Religions, see under Late Antiquity.
- Numa (c.715-673 BCE): The Institutions of Roman Religion, 7th
Cent. BCE, from Plutarch, Life of Numa [At this Site]
- Accounts of Roman State Religion, c. 200 BCE- 250CE [At
this Site]
Collected accounts from Cato, Cicero, Livy and Plutarch.
- Roman Religious Toleration: The Senatus Consultum de Bacchanalibus,
186 BCE, from Livy, History of Rome, Book XXXIX [At this Site]
- Roman Religiones Licitae and Illicitae, c. 204 BCE
- 112 CE [At this Site]
Different reactions to different foreign religions - the cults of Magna Mater, Dionysius,
and Christianity.
- Expiation of an Umbrian Town: Archaic Roman Sacrifice [Was At Eliade, now Internet Archive]
- An Offering for Jupiter before the Sowing Cato, On Agriculture 132, 160 BCE [Was At Eliade, now Internet Archive]
- A Roman Harvest Sacrifice, from Cato, On Agriculture 134, 160 BCE [Was At Eliade, now Internet Archive]
- The Flamen Dialis and his Wife [Was At Eliade, now Internet Archive]
- Devotio: The Sacrificial Death of Decius, Livy, History of Rome VIII, 9, 1-11; 10, 3)
[Was At Eliade, now Internet Archive]
- The Prayer of Scipio Africanus Livy, History of Rome XXIX, 27, 1-4, 204 BCE [Was At Eliade, now Internet Archive]
- Cicero (105-43 BCE): A Roman View of the Afterlife: The Dream of Scipio, On the Republic VI, 14-26) [Was At Eliade, now Internet Archive]
- Cicero (105-43 BCE): On the Republic: Scipio's Dream,
excerpts from Book VI [At this Site]
- Halicarnassus Inscription (after 2 BCE) Augustus: Father of His Own Fatherland [Was At Eliade, now Internet Archive]
- Lucius Apuleius (c.123-c.170 CE): Personal Piety in Rome: Second Century CE Apologia 55-6 [Was At Eliade, now Internet Archive]
- Persius Flaccus (34-63 CE): Satire II, c. 60 CE [This Site]
- Tacitus (b.56/57-after 117 CE): Rebuilding the Temple of
Jupiter, 70 CE [This Site]
- Accounts of Personal Religion, c. 430 BCE - 300 CE [At
this Site]
Festivals, temples, expectations.
- Wikipedia: List of Roman Deities
- 2ND Gregory S. Aldrete, "Hammers, Axes, Bulls, and Blood: Some Practical Aspects of Roman Animal Sacrifice." Journal of Roman Studies 104:28–50. (2014) [JStor access needed]
- 2ND Roman Rituals and Sacrifices [At Facts and Details] [Internet Archive version here]
- 2ND Sacrificium [At Lacus Curtius]
Back to Index
Gender and Sexuality
Back to Index
Modern Perspectives on
Ancient Rome
Back to Index
NOTES:
The Internet Ancient History Sourcebook is part of the Internet History Sourcebooks Project. The date of inception was
4/8/1998. Links to files at other site are indicated by [At some indication of the site
name or location]. WEB indicates a link to one of small
number of high quality web sites which provide either more texts or an especially valuable
overview.
The Internet History Sourcebooks Project is located at the History Department of Fordham University, New York. The Internet Medieval Sourcebook, and other medieval components of the project, are located at the Fordham University Center for Medieval Studies.The IHSP recognizes the contribution of Fordham University, the Fordham University History Department, and the Fordham Center for Medieval Studies in
providing web space and server support for the project. The IHSP is a project independent of Fordham University. Although the IHSP seeks to follow all applicable copyright law, Fordham University is not the institutional owner, and is not liable as the result of any legal action.
© Site Concept and Design: Paul Halsall, created 26 Jan 1996: latest revision 15 November 2024 [CV]
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